Q: What types of wine are there?

The three most common types of wine are white wine , red wine and rosé wine . All three colour directions can be found as still wine or as sparkling or semi-sparkling wine . In addition, there is Orange Wine as the fourth colour direction. The individual types differ mainly in the production process and the colour of the grapes used. White wine is usually produced from light grapes by must fermentation . White wine made from dark grapes by must fermentation is called Blanc de Noirs . Red wine is obtained from dark grapes by maceration . Rosé wine is obtained from dark grapes by must fermentation after a short maceration period . Orange wine is obtained from light grapes by maceration. Still wine is wine without carbon dioxide . Sparkling wine and semi-sparkling wine is wine with carbon dioxide, whereby sparkling wine has a higher carbon dioxide content than semi-sparkling wine. The carbonic acid can be added to the wine or produced naturally by a second fermentation .

Question 1

What is wine?

Accepted Answer

Wine is a beverage produced by the alcoholic fermentation of the must or mash of fresh grapes. Grapes are the berry fruits of the noble vine(Vitis vinifera vinifera) growing in panicles. Wine is considered a luxury food and a cultural product.

Question 2

What types of wine are there?

Accepted Answer

The three most common types of wine are white wine, red wine and rosé wine. All three colour directions can be found as still wine or as sparkling or semi-sparkling wine. In addition, there is Orange Wine as the fourth colour direction. The individual types differ mainly in the production process and the colour of the grapes used.

White wine is usually produced from light grapes by must fermentation. White wine made from dark grapes by must fermentation is called Blanc de Noirs.

Red wine is obtained from dark grapes by maceration.

Rosé wine is obtained from dark grapes by must fermentation after a short maceration period.

Orange wine is obtained from light grapes by maceration.

Still wine is wine without carbon dioxide. Sparkling wine and semi-sparkling wine is wine with carbon dioxide, whereby sparkling wine has a higher carbon dioxide content than semi-sparkling wine. The carbonic acid can be added to the wine or produced naturally by a second fermentation.

Question 3

Who invented wine?

Accepted Answer

The "invention" of wine cannot be attributed to a specific person. Wine culture is already several thousand years old: as early as in ancient times (from 8000 or 6000 BC), people knew about the fermentation of grapes to make an intoxicating drink; the discovery may well have been a coincidence. At that time, wine developed into an important agricultural product that had economic, medical, social and ritual significance. In ancient times, every advanced civilization had a deity close to wine and the enjoyment of wine, such as Osiris in Egypt, Dionysus in Greece and Bacchus in Rome. According to the Bible (Book of Genesis), Noah is considered the first person to cultivate wine.

According to the latest scientific findings, vine growing probably originated in the Near East, in the region of present-day Georgia, Armenia and south-east Anatolia, i.e. in Transcaucasia and in historical Mesopotamia. From there, over the centuries, wine culture spread across the Mediterranean to Central Europe and finally to the New World.

Question 4

Where does wine historically come from?

Accepted Answer

The wine culture is several thousand years old. Even in ancient times (from 8000 or 6000 B.C.) people knew about the fermentation of grapes into an intoxicating drink; the discovery may have been quite a coincidence.

Even then, wine developed into an important agricultural product that had economic, medical, social and ritual significance. In ancient times there was a deity in every high culture who represented wine and the enjoyment of wine, for example in Egypt Osiris, in Greece Dionysus and in Rome Bacchus. According to the Bible (Book of Genesis), Noah is considered the first person to cultivate wine.

According to the latest scientific findings, vine growing probably originated in the Near East, in the area of today's Georgia, Armenia and south-east Anatolia, i.e. in Transcaucasia and in historical Mesopotamia. From ancient Persia, the wine culture spread over the centuries across the Mediterranean to Central Europe and finally to the New World.

The roots of European viticulture lie mainly in the wine culture of ancient Greece. Already in the Mycenaean culture in the 16th century BC, there was professional viticulture, and in the 8th century BC, the Greek poet Homer described wine as the drink of heroes in his "Iliad". Both the Greeks and the Romans then brought the knowledge of viticulture and winemaking to the territories they conquered in Europe and North Africa. In the Greek and Roman drinking culture, wine played an important social and religious role.

In the Middle Ages, wine culture flourished in Central Europe, partly due to the influence of the Church. From the 11th and 12th centuries A.D. onwards, the boom in wine trade and production in France began in the southwestern regions(Gascony, Bordelais, Cahors) and in Burgundy. In the 16th century, wines from Portugal (Douro), Spain (Andalusia) and Hungary (Tokaj) gained greater international renown, and with the 18th century the triumphal march of the noble sparkling wines from the French Champagne began. A milestone in European wine history was the classification of the vineyards in the Bordeaux region in 1855. In Italy, from the second half of the 19th century onwards, the plants from Piedmont (Barolo) gained increasing fame

The German name "Wein" (wine) comes from the Latin word "vinum", which was also the inspiration for designations in many other European languages: "wine" (English), "vin" (French), "vino" (Italian and Spanish), "vinho" (Portuguese); the Greek word "oinos" is also related to this.

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Frequently asked questions about the basics of wine

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Frequently asked questions about the basics of wine

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